Ukwakhiwa kwemihubhe yesitimela enesivinini esikhulu kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuphambili nobunjiniyela obunembayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthutha okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Isitimela esinesivinini esiphezulu sesiyingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda yezokuthutha yesimanje, ehlinzeka ngohambo olusheshayo noluthembekile ezigidini zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwakhiwa kwemigudu yesitimela enesivinini esikhulu kudinga inhlanganisela yomklamo omusha, amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nabasebenzi abanamakhono ukuze kwakhiwe inethiwekhi yezokuthutha ethembekile, ehlala isikhathi eside.
Esinye sezihluthulelo kubuchwepheshe bokwakha umhubhe wesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ebhokayo yomhubhe (TBM). Ama-TBM ayimishini emikhulu enamasondo okusika ayindilinga agubha umhubhe futhi afake umugqa womhubhe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Le ndlela yokwakha umhubhe inciphisa ukuphazamiseka endaweni ezungezile futhi inciphisa ingozi yokuncipha komhlaba. I-TBM ingamba imihubhe ngokushesha, iyenze ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lokwakhiwa komhubhe wesitimela onesivinini esikhulu.
Ukwengeza ekusetshenzisweni kwama-TBM, ukwakhiwa kwemihubhe yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu nakho kudinga ukuqaliswa kwamasu onjiniyela ahlukahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho besakhiwo semigudu. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kokulinganisa okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile izimo zejoloji kanye nokuzinza komhlabathi kukho konke ukwakhiwa. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha imisebenzi yokwakhiwa komhubhe, onjiniyela bangakwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kwesakhiwo somhubhe nendawo ezungezile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha imigudu yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu buhilela nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhethekile zokubopha umhubhe. Uhlaka lomhubhe lusebenza njengesithiyo esivikelayo, lunikeza ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo nokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi. Izindwangu zomhubhe zivame ukusebenzisa izingxube ezithuthukisiwe zikakhonkolo kanye nokuqiniswa kwensimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi kanye nesistimu yokukhipha amanzi kwahlanganiswa ekwakhiweni komhubhe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza kwamanzi nokugcina indawo eyomile nephephile ngaphakathi komhubhe.
Ukwakhiwa kwemihubhe kaloliwe enesivinini esikhulu nakho kudinga ukuhlela okunembayo kanye nokulandelana kokwakhiwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwezitimela ezikhona kanye nemiphakathi yendawo. Ukwakhiwa komhubhe kungase kuhlanganise ukuvalwa kwesikhashana kolayini besitimela noma imigwaqo ekhona, kanye nokuqapha komsindo nokudlidliza ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela kubahlali abaseduze. Ngokuxhumanisa ngokucophelela imisebenzi yokwakha kanye nokusebenzisa izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokunciphisa, ukwakhiwa kwemihubhe yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kungaqhubeka ngokuphazamisa okuncane emphakathini.
Ukufingqa, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha imigudu yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi edinga ubunjiniyela obusezingeni eliphezulu, imishini yobuchwepheshe kanye nabasebenzi abanamakhono. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini eyisicefe yomhubhe, izilinganiso ezithuthukisiwe nezinhlelo zokuqapha, izinto ezikhethekile kanye nokuhlela okunembayo kubalulekile ekwakhiweni ngempumelelo kwemihubhe yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, imigudu yezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu izoqhubeka idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda yezokuthutha yesimanje, ihlinzeka ngezindlela zokuhamba ezisheshayo, eziphumelelayo neziqhubekayo zesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2023